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Taw qhia:
Lub heliport yog ib cheeb tsam uas tsim los rau lub caij nyoob hoom qav taub los tsaws thiab tawm mus. Heliports feem ntau muaj cov teeb pom kev zoo tshwj xeeb kom pom kev pom thiab kev nyab xeeb thaum tsaws thiab tsaws. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb pom kev hauv heliport yog qhov kawg Txoj Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Takeoff Area (FATO) teeb. Cov teeb no ua rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau nrhiav qhov chaw heliport thiab mus ze nws yam xyuam xim. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog ntau yam ntawm FATO teeb, lawv cov kev tsis sib xws, ICAO cov qauv, thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Hom FATO teeb:
1. Sequenced Flashing Lights (SFL): Cov teeb no feem ntau yog siv rau cov heliports loj thiab muab kev taw qhia pom rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau thaum lawv mus txog. Lawv feem ntau muaj tus nqi flash ntawm 30-60 ib feeb, nrog rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 80, 000 cd. Lawv kab rov tav thiab ntsug kab sib kis sib txawv nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob deb ntawm lub heliport.
2. Runway End Identification Lights (REIL): Cov teeb no yog siv los txheeb xyuas qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev khiav los yog qhov chaw heliport. Lawv feem ntau ntsia ua khub thiab ua haujlwm hauv kev sib koom ua ke. Lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws yog nyob ntawm 30, 000-80, 000 cd, thiab tus nqi flash yog 20-30 ib feeb.
3. Lub teeb thiab Wing bar Teeb: Cov teeb no tau teeb tsa raws li ib puag ncig ntawm txoj kev khiav los pab tus tsav txiav txim txog thaj tsam ntawm FATO. Kab rov tav kab sib kis ntawm lub teeb pib yog feem ntau 10-15 degrees, thiab lawv qhov kev siv zog yog mus txog 30, 000 cd. Lub tis bar teeb ua haujlwm ntawm qib qis siv (6,000-15,000 cd) thiab muaj kab rov tav dav dav.
4. Touchdown Zone Lights (TDZ): Cov teeb no tau teeb tsa los muab kev taw qhia pom rau tus tsav thaum lawv mus txog thaj tsam touchdown. Lub teeb tau muab tso rau hauv ob kab raws txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab thiab feem ntau yog qhov sib nrug ntawm 3 meters. Lawv muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 40, 000 cd thiab tus nqi flash ntawm 20-30 ib feeb.
ICAO Cov Qauv:
Lub koom haum International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) tau teeb tsa cov qauv rau kev teeb pom kev hauv heliport kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb. Raws li ICAO, heliport teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum ua kom tus tsav los txheeb xyuas lub heliport qhov chaw thiab ciam teb, touchdown point, thiab takeoff thiab landing cov lus qhia. Lub teeb FATO tseem yuav tsum tau muab qhov pom kev pom hauv txhua qhov huab cua thiab xyuas kom tsis muaj qhov ci ntsa iab uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lossis cuam tshuam rau tus tsav lub zeem muag.
Technical Parameters:
Cov kev tsis sib xws ntawm FATO teeb yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom lawv cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb. Cov parameter uas feem ntau xav txog muaj xws li:
1. Luminous Intensity: Qhov no yog hais txog lub teeb ci thiab ntsuas hauv candelas (cd). Qhov kev siv ntawm FATO lub teeb yuav tsum muaj txaus los ua kom tus tsav los txheeb xyuas qhov chaw heliport tus ciam teb, cov ntsiab lus touchdown, thiab kev tawm mus thiab tsaws.
2. Vertical and Horizontal Beam Spread: Qhov no yog hais txog qhov uas lub teeb nthuav tawm vertically thiab horizontally. Lub teeb kis ntawm FATO teeb yuav tsum tau tsim los ua kom pom tseeb hauv txhua qhov huab cua thiab tiv thaiv qhov ci ntsa iab.
3. Flash Rate: Qhov no yog hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm flashes ib feeb. Lub teeb nyem ntawm FATO teeb yuav tsum muaj kev taw qhia txaus rau tus tsav thaum mus txog thiab tawm mus.
Kev ua lag luam yam ntxwv:
Kev ua lag luam rau FATO teeb yog feem ntau yog tsav los ntawm kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau heliports hauv ntau yam lag luam, suav nrog kev kho mob, roj thiab roj, thiab kev nyab xeeb rau pej xeem. Kev ua lag luam muaj kev sib tw heev, nrog ntau tus neeg tsim qauv muab ntau hom FATO teeb. Qee tus neeg muag khoom hauv khw suav nrog Heliports Equipment, ADB Safegate, Eaton, thiab Vataple. Txhua tus neeg muag khoom sib txawv nws tus kheej raws li kev qhia tshwj xeeb, tus nqi, thiab kev pabcuam rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Xaus:
FATO teeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb pom kev hauv heliport, muab kev taw qhia rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau thaum mus txog thiab tawm mus. ICAO tau teeb tsa cov qauv rau cov teeb no kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb thoob plaws ntau lub heliports thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kev tsis sib xws ntawm FATO teeb, xws li luminous siv, ntsug thiab kab rov tav kis, thiab tus nqi flash, yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom lawv ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb. Kev ua lag luam rau FATO teeb yog qhov sib tw heev, nrog ntau tus neeg muag khoom muab ntau hom teeb kom tau raws li qhov kev thov loj hlob rau heliports hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam.
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