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Lub teeb pom kev zoo hauv av ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov nyoob hoom qav taub thaum hmo ntuj lossis thaum lub caij tsis pom kev. Ntawm tag nrho cov teeb pom kev hauv av, txoj hauv kev thiab kev tawm ntawm thaj chaw teeb pom kev zoo hauv av, lossis hu ua rau lub teeb pom kev zoo heliport, yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los muab kev taw qhia pom rau kev tsaws thiab tawm. Cov teeb pom kev zoo li no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom teeb pom kev hauv av, suav nrog thaj chaw dav hlau tsaws teeb, touchdown thiab lift-off cheeb tsam teeb, kawg mus kom ze thiab take-off cheeb tsam teeb, pom txoj kev txoj kab nqes taw qhia teeb, runway pib / cov teeb pom kev kawg, thiab cov teeb pom kev ntawm ntug kev, ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo yog tshwj xeeb rau cov nyoob hoom qav taub. Cov ntawv sau no yog los tham txog ntau hom kev sib tw nyoob hoom qav taub thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb pom kev zoo, lawv cov kev tsis zoo, ICAO cov qauv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua lag luam, cov neeg muag khoom, thiab cov khoom lag luam.
1. Hom Helicopter Touchdown thiab Lift-Off Area Lights
Feem ntau muaj ob hom nyoob hoom qav taub touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb, uas yog lub teeb unidirectional thiab lub teeb omnidirectional.
Lub teeb unidirectional tsuas yog illuminates nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, uas yuav siv tau rau ob qho tib si touchdown los yog nqa-tawm qhov chaw. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm lub taub hau lub teeb, lub tes tsho hauv av, lub hauv paus phaj nrog lub thawv sib txuas, cov kav dej hloov tau yooj yim, thiab cov kab hluav taws xob rau kev xaim. Lub teeb lub taub hau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm lub zog siab polycarbonate lossis aluminium alloy thiab tsim los tiv thaiv huab cua hnyav thiab poob siab. Qhov loj ntawm lub teeb lub taub hau txawv nyob ntawm seb lub teeb pom kev zoo xav tau, tab sis nws yog feem ntau 8 mus rau 12 ntiv tes hauv txoj kab uas hla. Lub teeb ci tuaj yeem yog lub teeb halogen lossis LED, uas muab lub teeb liab lossis dawb nrog qhov sib txawv. Lub teeb unidirectional feem ntau muaj cov zis tawm ntawm 300-1000 watts thiab luminous flux ntawm 7000-12000 lm.
Lub teeb omnidirectional illuminates nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia thiab muaj peev xwm muab ob qho tib si nqa-tawm thiab touchdown luag hauj lwm. Nws yog feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ib lub ntsiab chav tsev, ib tug mounting ntaus ntawv, ib tug junction box, ib tug thib ob lub hwj chim qhov chaw, thiab ib tug tswj vaj huam sib luag. Cov chav tsev tseem ceeb feem ntau muaj cov ncej ntsug nrog ob peb lub teeb lub taub hau ntsia rau saum toj, uas tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam 360-degree nrog rau qee qhov teeb pom kev zoo. Txhua lub teeb lub taub hau zoo ib yam li lub teeb unidirectional lub taub hau, tab sis nrog qhov me me. Lub teeb ci omnidirectional feem ntau yog lub teeb ci siab siv LED, uas tuaj yeem tso tawm lub voj voog tsis muaj zog dawb lossis lub teeb ntsuab. Lub teeb omnidirectional feem ntau muaj cov zis tawm ntawm 100-200 watts thiab luminous flux ntawm 3000-6000 lm.
2. ICAO Standards on Helicopter Touchdown and Lift-off Area Lights
Lub koom haum International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) tau tsim cov txheej txheem thiab cov kev pom zoo rau kev coj ua (SARPs) rau kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshav dav hlau teeb pom kev zoo, suav nrog thaj chaw dav hlau tsaws hauv av. Cov hauv qab no yog qee qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab cov kev xav tau teev tseg hauv ICAO Annex 14, Volume II, Heliports, 5th ed, Lub Xya Hli 2013, Ntu 2, Tshooj 5, Tshooj 5.3.8:
- Lub touchdown thiab lift-off cheeb tsam teeb yuav tsum tau ntsia los qhia txog kev nyab xeeb touchdown thiab lift-off cheeb tsam rau helicopters.
- Lub teeb yuav tsum tau teem symmetrically raws lub longitudinal axis ntawm lub heliport.
- Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub touchdown thiab nqa-off cheeb tsam teeb yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 4 meters thiab tsis ntau tshaj 9 meters.
- Lub teeb siv lub teeb ntawm lub touchdown thiab lift-off cheeb tsam teeb yuav tsum txaus los muab txaus visibility rau lub nyoob hoom qav taub thaum lub sij hawm tsaws thiab take-off ua hauj lwm.
- Cov xim ntawm lub teeb yuav tsum yog liab rau lub teeb unidirectional thiab ntsuab rau omnidirectional teeb.
- Tus neeg tsav tsheb heliport yuav tsum tsim cov txheej txheem rau kev siv touchdown thiab lift-off cheeb tsam teeb thiab yuav tsum suav nrog rau hauv phau ntawv heliport.
3. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab cov neeg muag khoom
Kev ua lag luam rau qhov siab siab touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb yog me me piv rau lwm lub tshav dav hlau hauv av teeb. Qhov kev thov rau cov teeb pom kev zoo no feem ntau yog los ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb thauj khoom, cov tshav dav hlau tub rog, thiab cov chaw tawm ntug dej hiav txwv. Tus nqi ntawm lub teeb nyob ntawm seb hom, qhov loj me, thiab cov kev tsis sib xws, tab sis feem ntau nws txawv ntawm ntau pua mus rau txhiab nyiaj US ib chav tsev. Qee tus neeg muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov nyoob hoom qav taub touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb muaj xws li Hella, Avlite, Point Lighting Corporation, thiab Honeywell Aerospace, thiab lwm yam.
4. Khoom nta
Helicopter touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb pom kev zoo yog tsim los muab kev taw qhia pom tseeb rau cov neeg tsav dav hlau thaum tsaws thiab nqa tawm hauv qhov tsis pom kev. Cov hauv qab no yog qee yam ntawm cov khoom nta ntawm lub teeb:
- Cov khoom siv muaj zog muaj zog thiab tsim kev poob siab-tiv taus kom tiv taus huab cua hnyav thiab tsaws kev cuam tshuam.
- Ntau theem teeb pom kev zoo thiab siv zog kom ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm sib txawv.
- Ntau hom teeb pom kev zoo, xws li txuas ntxiv lossis flashing, txhawm rau txhim kho kev pom thaum lub teeb pom kev qis lossis pos huab.
- Ib qho yooj yim installation thiab txij nkawm nrog cov txheej txheem thaiv thiab mounting txheej txheem.
- Lub neej ntev thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg nrog LED teeb pom kev zoo.
Hauv kev xaus, nyoob hoom qav taub touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyoob hoom qav taub thaum hmo ntuj lossis hauv cov xwm txheej tsis pom. Ob hom teeb tseem ceeb, uas yog lub teeb unidirectional thiab omnidirectional teeb, muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv, cov qauv ICAO, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam, thiab cov khoom nta. Kev ua lag luam rau cov teeb pom kev zoo li no me me, thiab qhov kev thov feem ntau yog los ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb thauj khoom, cov tshav dav hlau tub rog, thiab cov chaw sab nrauv. Tus neeg muag khoom daim ntawv teev npe suav nrog qee lub tuam txhab kev lag luam aviation teeb pom kev zoo, muab ntau hom thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm qhov siab siab touchdown thiab nqa-tawm thaj chaw teeb kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv.
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